According to Article 410, how must luminaires be designed in relation to heat?

Luminaires must be designed to dissipate heat effectively to prevent overheating, which is critical for safety, performance, and longevity. Proper heat dissipation ensures that the components within the luminaire do not exceed their temperature ratings, which could lead to failure or even pose a fire hazard.

This design consideration helps maintain the reliability of the light source and the luminaire's overall integrity. When luminaires effectively dissipate heat, they operate at optimal efficiency and contribute to energy-saving efforts. The NEC emphasizes this aspect to ensure that lighting fixtures are not just functional but also safe for use in various applications.

In contrast, the other options do not align with the NEC's focus on safety and performance. While reflecting heat efficiently may be beneficial for certain applications, it does not address the critical need to prevent overheating. Designing to absorb heat could lead to increased temperatures and potential damage. Withstanding extreme temperatures might be applicable in specific environments but does not address the everyday operational requirements for heat management in luminaires. Thus, the emphasis on effective heat dissipation underscores the NEC's commitment to maintaining safe electrical systems.