What distinguishes "permanent" fixtures from "temporary" fixtures according to Article 410?

The distinction between "permanent" and "temporary" fixtures according to Article 410 of the National Electrical Code is fundamentally based on their intended use and installation characteristics. Permanent fixtures are those that are securely installed and are intended for long-term use in a specific location. This means they are often hardwired or otherwise securely mounted to a surface, ensuring that they remain fixed over time for consistent functionality and compliance with safety standards.

In contrast, temporary fixtures may be easily relocated, disconnected, or used for short periods, often for events or situations where a permanent installation is not warranted. They are not designed for long-lasting installations and therefore do not share the same structural obligations or safety considerations as permanent fixtures.

The clarity in this definition helps ensure that installations follow the necessary guidelines for safety and compliance, addressing the electrical load, wiring methods, and maintenance requirements appropriate for each type of fixture.